Retinoids have different applications in inflammation, skin keratosis problems and hematological oncology diseases. Retinoids have now been developed to the fourth generation, gradually reducing side effects while improving efficacy. Trifarotene (pharmaceutical name Aklief) is a new fourth-generation retinoid (also known as fourth-generation A-acid) that is selective for retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RAR-γ).
There are four generations of retinoids, namely topical A-acids:
The first generation includes retinol, retinal, tretinoin, isotretinoin, and alitretinoin
The second generation includes etretinate and its metabolite acitretin
The third generation includes adapalene (adapalene/ differin)
Fourth generation includes Trifarotene
Trifarotene is the first new retinoid molecule in over 20 years. The most common retinoic acid receptor (RAR) in the skin is the gamma receptor (gamma). Trifarotene was developed to precisely target RAR-γ. Trifarotene is a selective enhancer of RAR-γ, with low activity on RAR-β and RAR-α and no activity on RXR. The function of Trifarotene is to change the expression of downstream genes, so as to achieve anti-inflammation, dissolve acne and improve pigment problems. This selective precision of gamma receptors allows very low concentrations of the active ingredient (0.005%) to be effective in treating acne.
Topical use has been shown to be safe, well tolerated, and effective in reducing non-inflammatory and inflammatory acne on the face and body. For acne sufferers ages 9 and up.
Trifarotene is safe and effective. Most side effects are local skin reactions, including redness, peeling, dryness, and stinging/burning. There are also some more serious skin reactions, including skin irritation, sunburn, allergic dermatitis, pain and erosion.
Although the fourth-generation retinoid Trifarotene works well, it can damage the skin if used carelessly. If necessary, consult your physician first.