Dear readers, hello! In sunny Hong Kong, sun protection is no longer solely a summer concern but an essential skincare step that should be prioritized year-round. Many people often feel confused by the labels on sunscreen products, such as SPF, PA, and star ratings. Today, let’s delve into the meanings of these sunscreen labels to help you become a savvy sunscreen user, ensuring your skin enjoys optimal protection at all times.
First, let’s understand the basics of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Ultraviolet rays are primarily divided into UVA and UVB. UVB wavelengths range from 290 to 320 nanometers and mainly cause sunburns, while UVA wavelengths range from 320 to 400 nanometers, leading to skin aging and melanin deposition. Both of these effects are crucial for us to consider. Therefore, the SPF (sun protection factor) in sunscreen is aimed at UVB protection, while the PA (protection grade) label focuses on UVA protection.
The meaning of the SPF number is not difficult to understand. For example, if a product is labeled SPF 30, this means that without applying sunscreen, you would start to get sunburned after about 10 minutes in the sun. If you apply SPF 30, this can extend the time to approximately 300 minutes. However, this does not mean you can neglect reapplication, as sweating and touching your face can affect its effectiveness. It is generally advised to reapply sunscreen at least every four hours, especially during noon when the sun is strongest, requiring extra caution.
Next is the PA rating, which was primarily introduced from Japan and has been widely adopted globally over time. The PA label reflects the protective ability of the sunscreen product against UVA rays. The higher the PA number, the better the sun protection. If it’s labeled PA++++, it means that it can provide the highest level of protection that lasts longer against tanning.
So why do some people still get tanned even after using sunscreen? This is because, although sunscreen products can effectively block sunburn, prolonged exposure to sunlight can still lead to skin darkening. Therefore, when choosing the right sunscreen, you should not only consider the SPF and PA numbers but also look for the star ratings. Typically, the star rating for regular products ranges from 3 to 4 stars, indicating a balanced protection against UVA and UVB. If you plan to engage in outdoor activities for a longer duration, it is advisable to choose a 5-star product for added peace of mind.
Different countries have varying labeling regulations for sunscreen products. For instance, in China, sunscreen products can only be labeled up to SPF 30, while other regions may label up to SPF 50. When purchasing, be mindful of the relevant labels and select the right sunscreen to ensure comprehensive care for your skin.
Finally, if you’re buying sunscreen in the United States and see the term “Broad Spectrum,” there’s no need to worry if SPF or PA is not specified; this typically indicates that the product can protect against both UVA and UVB, providing comprehensive sun protection. No matter where you are, remember that sunscreen is an indispensable step in your daily skincare routine.